Moralism (substituting law for gospel, exhorting better human behavior without dependency upon God\u2019s grace) is no match for racism. While urging us to preach justice, Lutheran James Childs warns: \u201cPreaching that always goes directly from sin to salvation or from cross to resurrection without ever stopping off at sanctification is missing something of crucial importance…. The grace of God in Christ, which justifies, also sanctifies … The good tree bears good fruit … (Matt. 7:18).\u201d (Childs, Preaching Justice , 2000). I thank God that I am a Wesleyan Christian who, after admitting that I\u2019m guilty of the sin of racism can say that\u2019s not all I am. I\u2019m someone in whom the grace of God is actively, daily, persistently at work healing me of my sin, perfecting God\u2019s intentions for me, in spite of me.<\/p>\n
Moralism is unavoidable if a preacher conceives of the congregation as good people who come to church to be even better. The Christian faith is presented as common sense with a spiritual veneer. Moralism is notoriously anthropological rather than theological in its assumption that listeners already have all they need in order to be good. History, structural injustices, the human propensity to self-interest, the various psychological binds in which we are caught, human feelings of vulnerability and threat are all ignored in moralism\u2019s appeal to our \u201cbetter angels.\u201d The sermon is in the imperative mood as the preacher fills the air with should , ought , must .<\/p>\n
As Chuck Campbell points out, preaching on social issues tends to imply that good people of good will have the power to solve their own problems (a thought dearly loved by liberal white people who enjoy thinking of ourselves as the masters of our domain). Moralistic preaching overlooks how structural, systemic, principalities and powers have us under their sway. Campbell urges us, \u201calways rely on the power of God, not on our own strength, in resistance.\u201d (Campbell, The Word Before the Powers , 2003).<\/p>\n
Sermons whose intent is to build guilt are universally resisted. Not only does Jesus tend toward forgiveness rather than guilt but also preaching that provokes guilt backfires as hearers are encouraged to become more introspective, more obsessed with ourselves and our histories, more egotistical, not less. White people ascribed far too much power to our egos and are already narcissistic without help from the preacher. The default Christian position with regard to guilt is to confess sin, offer it up and then allow ourselves to be unburdened by the justifying grace of God and to be spurred on by sanctifying grace in our acts of contrition.<\/p>\n
Conservative, Reformed pastor, John Piper\u2019s sermon, \u201cRacial Reconciliation\u201d begins by asserting (without citing support) that, \u201cThere is strong evidence that stressing differences does little to improve race relations, and may even exacerbate them.\u201d The rest of his sermon attacks the notion of racial difference. Using Scripture, Piper asserts that, \u201cGod made all ethnic groups from one human ancestor,\u201d and that all \u201care made in the image of God.\u201d Your \u201cethnic identity\u201d is of no consequence when compared with the biblical truth that we are all created \u201cin the image of God.\u201d That\u2019s why programs in \u201cdiversity training\u201d \u201cbackfire.\u201d We ought to teach our children to put all their \u201ceggs in the basket called personhood in the image of God and one egg in the basket called ethnic distinction.\u201d The problem is not the sin of white racism, the problem is a failure to think about our humanity in a biblical way. Though Piper is a strong Calvinist, there is nothing in the sermon about confession of sin, forgiveness, repentance or the need for the grace of God.<\/p>\n
While it\u2019s good that Piper attempts to think theologically beyond rather limp, secular notions of \u201cdiversity,\u201d Piper\u2019s exhortation to color-blind Christianity overlooks that persons of color did not come up with the idea that skin color was a valid way of defining humanity in order to oppress nonwhites \u2014 that nefarious idea came exclusively from white people. Piper, perhaps unintentionally, bolsters white evasion of engagement in issues of systemic racial injustice when he ends his sermon with a stirring call to \u201cbanish every belittling and unloving thought from our minds,\u201d \u201cto show personal, affectionate oneness\u201d with Christians of all ethnic backgrounds, and to be \u201csalt and light\u201d \u201cwith courageous acts of inter-racial kindness and respect.\u201d<\/p>\n
We don\u2019t need \u201cdiversity training\u201d because racial reconciliation is a personal matter of individual piety in thoughts, speech and kindness, according to Piper\u2019s sermon. We wouldn\u2019t have racism if Christians refused to acknowledge the reality of race. This is the call for \u201creconciliation\u201d white folks love to hear.<\/p>\n
\u201cReconciliation\u201d too often focuses, as in Piper\u2019s sermon, upon interpersonal reconciliation without focus on systemic and structural justice. Many black people push back against the call for \u201creconciliation\u201d because it presumes there was a time when we were in a right relationship. It also implies that we work toward reconciliation from an equal footing. \u201cHospitality\u201d also implies that we, the powerful, are the hosts; the less powerful are the guests, outsiders whom we graciously welcome. Talk of reconciliation without recognition of power arrangements degenerates into sentimentality. (see Jennifer Harvey, Dear White Christians , 2014). And speaking of my church family, sentimental accounts of human nature, racial harmony and Christian ethics is killing us. Recently a United Methodist told me that her preacher had preached a sermon on racism.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhat did you learn from the sermon?\u201d I asked.<\/p>\n
\u201cThat we ought to be nice to black people,\u201d she responded. Far from being confrontation with the sin of racism, sentimental narrations of racism and sentimental appeals for white people to be nice are a primary means of avoiding conversations about race among United Methodists.<\/p>\n
A white male (Paul Tillich), preaching to white males, preached a famous sermon: \u201cYou are Accepted,\u201d (Tillich, The Shaking of the Foundations , 1963) as if unconditional acceptance were the core of the Good News. That I am graced, loved, and accepted by God, just as I am, racism and all, at first sounds charitable. But there is a more sinister side to such cheery, sentimentally blissful ignorance. Preaching is also a call to conversion, transformation, detoxification. The evil we face is more than wrong thinking about ourselves; it\u2019s our captivity to principalities and powers.<\/p>\n
Grace, Wesleyan grace, is not a paternal pat on the head; it\u2019s the power of God that enables us to live different lives than the lives we would be condemned to live if we had not been met by God in Jesus Christ.<\/p>\n
As Luther said, apples do not come from a thorn bush. Good deeds arise from good people. At our best, we preach to defeat racism every Sunday because every Sunday\u2019s sermon contributes to the character of Christians. That\u2019s why some of our best preaching against racism will not seem to the congregation a direct attack on racism. Preaching\u2019s value is often in the subtle but powerful ways it forms us into people who have empathy for others, who assume responsibility for the needs of strangers, who feel that they are under judgment from some higher criterion than their own conscience, and who believe that, with the Holy Spirit set loose among us, who believe that we can be born again.<\/p>\n
Before consideration of the obviously ethical \u201cWhat ought we to do?\u201d preaching considers the theologically determinative and ethically formative, \u201cWho is God?\u201d, \u201cWhat doth the Lord require?\u201d Human action is responsive reaction to God\u2019s initiatives. Our discipleship is our human affirmation of how God is already busy in the world. It\u2019s not for us to defeat the sin of racism; God in Christ is already doing that. Our chief ethical question is, \u201cWill I join with Christ in his world-changing, world-ending, resurrection-work or not?\u201d<\/p>\n
Chuck Campbell, speaks of preaching in the face of powers like racism as \u201cexorcism\u201d:
\n Don\u2019t many folks \u2014 preachers included \u2014 long to be set free from the powers of death that have us in their grip and won\u2019t let us go \u2014 powers from which we cannot seem to free ourselves no matter how hard we try? After all, this is the key characteristic of demon possession: We are no longer agents of our own lives, but go through the deadly motions dictated to us by the powers of the world that hold us captive \u2014 that \u201cpossess\u201d us. And we need a word from beyond ourselves to set us free from our captivity. (Campbell, \u201cResisting the Powers\u201d in Purposes of Preaching , 2004).
\nThe challenge is for us to move beyond being non-racist to being actively anti-racist, always remembering that,
\n We aren\u2019t fighting against human enemies but against rulers, authorities, forces of cosmic darkness, and spiritual powers of evil in the heavens. Therefore, pick up the full armor of God so that you can stand your ground on the evil day and after you have done everything possible to still stand. (Ephesians 6:12-13)
\nThat\u2019s why it\u2019s not enough for us to share our personal story or to exhort the congregation to greater striving for justice. \u201cWe don\u2019t preach about ourselves. Instead, we preach about Jesus Christ as Lord…\u201d (2 Corinthians 4:5). In Campbell\u2019s words, \u201cWe need a word beyond ourselves to set us free,\u201d Jesus, the Word made flesh, God\u2019s word in action.<\/p>\n
________<\/p>\n
Excerpted from Who Lynched Willie Earle? Preaching to Confront Racism (forthcoming from Abingdon Press, February 2017)<\/p>\n
William H. Willimon is Professor of the Practice of Christian Ministry at the Divinity School, Duke University. He is recently retired after serving eight years as Bishop of the North Alabama Conference of The United Methodist Church.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Moralism (substituting law for gospel, exhorting better human behavior without dependency upon God\u2019s grace) is no match for racism. While urging us to preach justice, Lutheran James Childs warns: \u201cPreaching that always goes directly from sin to salvation or from cross to resurrection without ever stopping off at sanctification is missing something of crucial importance…. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1064,1357,899,2849,131],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7002"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7002"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7002\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.churchedge.com\/illustrations\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}